Consonants
- č (j) = j in jam
- čʰ (ch) = ch in church
- č' = ejected ch
- h = h in hat
- k = k in mask
- kʰ = k in kick
- k' = ejected k
- l = l in lip
- m = m in mom
- n = n in no
- p = p in spit
- pʰ = p in pop
- p' = ejected p
- q = k with tongue touching back of throat
- qʰ = with puff of air
- q' = ejected q
- r = Spanish in madre, tapped r
- s = s in sass
- š = sh in shush
- t = t in stop
- tʰ = t in tip
- t' = ejected t
- ṭ = roll tongue tip backwards so the bottom of the tip is touching the top of the mouth
- ṭʰ = with puff of air
- ṭ' = ejected ṭ
- tr = t with guttural sound at the back of the throat
- tr' = ejected tr
- ts = the ts in cats
- tsʰ (tsh) = ts with a puff of air
- ts' = an ejected or "popped" ts
- w = w in wow
- x = ch in Back, Spanish j
- y = y in yarn
- ' = glottal stop, the stop in uh-oh
- a = a in father
- e = e in bed
- i = ee in meet
- o = o in no
- u = oo in food
- ai = I
- ew = eh-oo
- ei = ay in say
- oi = oy in boy
- ui = uoy in buoy